Evaluación de materiales oxídicos para la remoción de iones hierro y cobre en aguas naturales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47189/rcct.v24i41.682Palabras clave:
adsorción, cobre, hierro, material oxídico, isotermasResumen
La presencia natural de hierro y cobre en el agua es esencial para procesos ambientales, pero su explotación minera excesiva causa concentraciones elevadas, amenazando los ecosistemas debido a su capacidad de bioacumulación. El presente estudio se enfocó en evaluar la eficacia de sustratos adsorbentes elaborados a partir de materiales oxídicos de carga variable (SA, SCR, RV), para la remoción de hierro y cobre de soluciones acuosas. Los lechos fueron evaluados de forma natural y desprotonados mediante la activación con NaOH. Además, se examinó el equilibrio del proceso de adsorción de estos metales. Los resultados revelaron que el material natural SCR exhibe una destacada capacidad para retener tanto hierro (2.65 mg/100g) como cobre (17.89 mg/100g). Tras el tratamiento alcalino, se observó un aumento significativo en la capacidad de adsorción de los materiales, atribuida a la presencia de sesquióxidos en su estructura, siendo los materiales SCR (46.88 mg/100g, para hierro) y SA (38.24 mg/100g, para cobre) los más eficaces. Este aumento evidencia la versatilidad de estos sustratos de carga variable, en la remoción de iones metálicos. Los modelos de equilibrio sugieren que la adsorción es principalmente química y ocurre en una monocapa homogénea en la superficie del material. Esta investigación muestra que los materiales oxídicos naturales y activados son eficientes en la remoción de hierro y cobre, lo que es crucial para el tratamiento de aguas contaminadas por metales pesados
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